Chokometsera choziziritsira cha piston chozizira chimadalira kayendedwe ka piston kobwerezabwereza kuti chikanikizire mpweya mu silinda. Nthawi zambiri, kayendedwe kozungulira ka prime mover kamasinthidwa kukhala kayendedwe ka piston kobwerezabwereza kudzera mu crank-link mechanism. Ntchito yomwe imachitidwa ndi crankshaft nthawi iliyonse ikatembenuka imatha kugawidwa m'njira yoyamwa ndi njira yokanikizira ndi yotulutsa mpweya.
Pakugwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku ma compressor oziziritsa a piston, zolakwika 12 zofala komanso njira zawo zothetsera mavuto zimasankhidwa motere:
1) Compressor imagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ambiri
Chifukwa: Kusiyana pakati pa bearing, oil ring, silinda ndi piston ndi kwakukulu kwambiri, zomwe zimawonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta.
Chithandizo: Chitani kukonza koyenera kapena kusintha zida zina.
2) Kutentha kwa bearing ndi kwakukulu kwambiri
Zifukwa: Mafuta odetsedwa, njira yotsekeka ya mafuta; mafuta osakwanira; malo ochepa kwambiri; kuwonongeka kwa bere kapena kukanda kwa bere.
Kuchotsa: Tsukani dera la mafuta, sinthani mafuta odzola; perekani mafuta okwanira; sinthani malo otseguka; sinthani chitsamba chonyamulira.
3) Njira yoyendetsera mphamvu imalephera
Chifukwa: Kuthamanga kwa mafuta sikokwanira; mafutawo ali ndi madzi oziziritsa; valavu yotulutsira mafuta ya makina owongolera ndi yodetsedwa komanso yotsekeka.
Kuchotsa: Dziwani chifukwa chake mafuta akuchepa ndipo sinthani mafuta akuchepa; tenthetsani mafuta mu crankcase kwa nthawi yayitali; yeretsani dera la mafuta ndi valavu ya mafuta kuti dera la mafuta lisamatseke.
4) Kutentha kwa utsi kumakhala kokwera kwambiri
Zifukwa: katundu wambiri; kuchuluka kwa malo ochotsera mpweya; valavu yotulutsa utsi ndi gasket zowonongeka; kutentha kwakukulu koyamwa; kuzizira bwino kwa silinda.
Kuchotsa: kuchepetsa katundu; sinthani malo olowera ndi gasket ya silinda; sinthani mbale yolowera kapena gasket mutayang'ana; onjezerani kuchuluka kwa madzi; onjezerani kuchuluka kwa madzi ozizira.
5) Kutentha kwa utsi kumakhala kotsika kwambiri
Zifukwa: compressor imayamwa madzi; valavu yowonjezera imapereka madzi ambiri; kuzizira sikukwanira; chisanu cha evaporator ndi chokhuthala kwambiri.
Kuchotsa: kuchepetsa kutsegula kwa valavu yoyamwa; sinthani madzi kuti mpweya wobwerera utenthe kwambiri pakati pa 5 ndi 10; sinthani katundu; yeretsani kapena pukutani chisanu nthawi zonse.
6) Kuthamanga kwa utsi kumakhala kokwera kwambiri
Chifukwa: Vuto lalikulu ndi condenser, monga mpweya wosazizira m'dongosolo; valavu yamadzi δ ndi yotseguka kapena kutsegula si kwakukulu, kuthamanga kwa madzi ndi kochepa kwambiri moti sikungachititse kuti madzi asakwane kapena kutentha kwa madzi ndi kwakukulu kwambiri; fan ya condenser yoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya δ ndi yotseguka kapena kuchuluka kwa mpweya sikukwanira; Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya refrigerant (pamene palibe cholandirira madzi); Dothi lochuluka mu condenser; Valavu yotulutsa mpweya ya compressor δ imatsegulidwa kwambiri} Chitoliro chotulutsa mpweya si chosalala.
Kuchotsa: kusungunuka kwa madzi kumapeto kwa utsi wotuluka ndi mphamvu yayikulu; tsegulani valavu yamadzi kuti muwonjezere mphamvu ya madzi; yatsani fani kuti muchepetse kukana kwa mphepo; chotsani firiji yochulukirapo; yeretsani condenser ndikuyang'anira ubwino wa madzi; tsegulani valavu yotulutsa utsi; yeretsani chitoliro chotulutsa utsi.
7) Kuthamanga kwa utsi kumakhala kochepa kwambiri
Zifukwa: Kusakwanira kwa refrigerant kapena kutayikira; kutuluka kwa mpweya kuchokera ku valavu yotulutsa utsi; kuchuluka kwa madzi ozizira kwambiri, kutentha kochepa kwa madzi, ndi kusatsatira malamulo oyenera a mphamvu.
Kuchotsa: kuzindikira ndi kuchotsa kutuluka kwa madzi, kubwezeretsanso refrigerant; kukonza kapena kusintha magawo a ma valvu; kuchepetsa madzi ozizira; kukonza zida zowongolera mphamvu
8) Kupondereza konyowa (nyundo yamadzimadzi)
Zifukwa: Mulingo wamadzimadzi mu evaporator ndi wokwera kwambiri; katundu ndi waukulu kwambiri; valavu yoyamwa imatsegulidwa mwachangu kwambiri.
Kuchotsa: sinthani valavu yoperekera madzi; sinthani katundu (sinthani chipangizo chosinthira mphamvu); valavu yoyamwa iyenera kutsegulidwa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo iyenera kutsekedwa ngati pali nyundo yamadzi.
9) Kuthamanga kwa mafuta kumakhala kokwera kwambiri
Chifukwa: Kusintha kosayenera kwa kuthamanga kwa mafuta; chitoliro cha mafuta chosakwanira; choyezera kuthamanga kwa mafuta chosalondola.
Chithandizo: sinthani valavu ya kuthamanga kwa mafuta (pumulani kasupe); yang'anani ndikutsuka chitoliro cha mafuta; sinthani choyezera kuthamanga
10) Kuthamanga kwa mafuta kumakhala kochepa kwambiri
Zifukwa: Kusakwanira kwa mafuta; kusintha kosayenera; fyuluta yamafuta yotsekeka kapena malo olowera mafuta otsekeka; pampu yamafuta yosweka; ntchito ya vacuum (evaporator).
Chithandizo: onjezerani mafuta; sinthani valavu yowongolera kuthamanga kwa mafuta} chotsani ndikuyeretsa, chotsani chotseka; konzani pampu yamafuta; sinthani momwe ntchitoyo ikuyendera kuti kuthamanga kwa crankcase kukhale kwakukulu kuposa kuthamanga kwa mpweya.
11) Kutentha kwa mafuta kumakhala kokwera kwambiri
Zifukwa: kutentha kwa utsi wotulutsa mpweya ndi kwakukulu kwambiri; kuzizira kwa mafuta sikwabwino; malo olumikizirana ndi ochepa kwambiri.
Kuchotsa: Kuthetsa vuto la kuthamanga kwa mpweya wotuluka; onjezerani kuchuluka kwa madzi ozizira; sinthani malo otseguka.
12) Kutenthedwa kwambiri kwa injini
Zifukwa: mphamvu yamagetsi yochepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu yamagetsi ikhale yayikulu; mafuta osakwanira; kugwiritsa ntchito mopitirira muyeso; mpweya wosazizira m'dongosolo; kuwonongeka kwa kutchinjiriza kwa chozungulira chamagetsi.
Kuchotsa: yang'anani chomwe chimayambitsa magetsi otsika ndikuchotsa; yang'anani makina opaka mafuta ndikuthetsa; chepetsani ntchito yonyamula katundu; tulutsani mpweya wosazizira; yang'anani kapena sinthani injini.
Nthawi yotumizira: Marichi-24-2023