Pali njira zambiri zopangira firiji, ndipo zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri:
1. Refrigeration yamadzimadzi vaporization
2. Kukula kwa gasi ndi firiji
3. Vortex chubu refrigeration
4. Kuzirala kwa thermoelectric
Pakati pawo, refrigeration yamadzimadzi ndiyomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.Iwo amagwiritsa kutentha mayamwidwe zotsatira za madzi vaporization kukwaniritsa refrigeration.Kuponderezedwa kwa nthunzi, kuyamwa, jakisoni wa nthunzi ndi firiji yoyezetsa zonse ndifiriji yamadzimadzi.
Nthunzi psinjika refrigeration ndi gawo kusintha firiji, amene amagwiritsa ntchito kutentha mayamwidwe mmene refrigerant kusintha madzi ndi mpweya kupeza ozizira mphamvu. Ili ndi magawo anayi: kompresa, condenser, throttling mechanism ndi evaporator.Amalumikizidwa motsatana ndi mapaipi kuti apange dongosolo lotsekedwa.
Zigawo zazikulu za firiji ndi zowonjezera
1.Compressor
Ma compressor amagawidwa m'magulu atatu: mtundu wotseguka, mtundu wotseguka, ndi mtundu wotsekedwa.Ntchito ya kompresa ndi kuyamwa refrigerant yotsika kutentha kuchokera kumbali ya evaporator, ndikuyiyika mu mpweya wothamanga kwambiri, wotentha kwambiri wa refrigerant ndikuutumiza ku condenser.
2.Condenser
Condenser ndi chipangizo chosinthira kutentha chomwe chimasamutsa mphamvu ya firiji ya evaporator mufiriji limodzi ndi ntchito yowonetsa compressor kupita kumalo achilengedwe (madzi ozizira kapena mpweya).Malingana ndi njira yozizira, condenser ikhoza kugawidwa mu mpweya wozizira, madzi utakhazikika komanso evaporative. Condenser ndi chipangizo chosinthira kutentha chomwe chimasamutsa mphamvu ya firiji ya evaporator mufiriji limodzi ndi ntchito yowonetsa compressor kupita kumalo achilengedwe (madzi ozizira kapena mpweya).Malingana ndi njira yozizira, condenser ikhoza kugawidwa mu mpweya wozizira, madzi utakhazikika komanso evaporative.
3. Evaporator
The evaporator zikutanthauza kuti refrigerant madzi zithupsa ndi kuyamwa kutentha kwa utakhazikika sing'anga (mpweya kapena madzi) pa kutentha otsika kukwaniritsa cholinga firiji.
4. Valve ya Solenoid
Valavu ya Solenoid ndi mtundu wa valve yotseka yomwe imatsegulidwa yokha pansi pamagetsi.Nthawi zambiri anaika pa payipi dongosolo basi kusinthana pa ndi kuzimitsa actuator wa awiri udindo wowongolera payipi dongosolo refrigeration.Valve ya solenoid nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pakati pa valve yowonjezera ndi condenser. Malowa ayenera kukhala pafupi kwambiri ndi valavu yowonjezera, chifukwa valavu yowonjezera imangokhala chinthu chogwedeza ndipo sichikhoza kutsekedwa palokha, kotero valavu ya solenoid iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kudula payipi yamadzimadzi.
5.Vavu yowonjezera kutentha
Zipangizo zamafiriji nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito ma valve owonjezera kutentha kuti asinthe kutuluka kwa refrigerant.Si valavu yoyendetsera yokha yomwe imayendetsa madzi a evaporator, komanso valavu yowonongeka ya chipangizo cha firiji.Valavu yowonjezera kutentha imagwiritsa ntchito kusintha kwa kutentha kwa refrigerant pa kutuluka kwa evaporator kuti asinthe madzi.Valavu yowonjezera kutentha imalumikizidwa ndi chitoliro chamadzimadzi cha evaporator, ndipo babu yozindikira kutentha imayikidwa pa chitoliro cha evaporator (chotuluka).Nthawi zambiri amagawidwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana malinga ndi kapangidwe ka valve yowonjezera kutentha:
(1) Valovu yowonjezera kutentha yamkati;
(2) Valavu yowonjezera yowonjezera yowonjezera yakunja.
Valavu yowonjezera kutentha kwamkati: imapangidwa ndi babu yozindikira kutentha, chubu cha capillary, mpando wa valve, diaphragm, ndodo ya ejector, singano ya valve ndi makina osinthira.Ma valve owonjezera otenthetsera amkati nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma evaporator ang'onoang'ono.
Valavu yokulirapo yakunja yofananira: Vavu yokulitsa yotenthetsera yakunja Kwa ma evaporator okhala ndi mapaipi aatali kapena kukana kwambiri, mavavu owonjezera akunja otenthetsera amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.Kwa evaporator ya kukula kofanana, valve yowonjezera yowonjezera mkati ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamene ikugwiritsidwa ntchito posungirako kutentha kwambiri, pamene valve yowonjezera yowonjezera yakunja ingagwiritsidwe ntchito posungirako kutentha kochepa.Kwa evaporator ya kukula kofanana, valve yowonjezera yowonjezera mkati ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamene ikugwiritsidwa ntchito posungirako kutentha kwambiri, pamene valve yowonjezera yowonjezera yakunja ingagwiritsidwe ntchito posungirako kutentha kochepa.
6. Olekanitsa mafuta
Cholekanitsa mafuta nthawi zambiri chimayikidwa pakati pa kompresa ndi condenser kuti alekanitse mafuta a makina a firiji omwe ali mu nthunzi ya furiji.Chipangizo chobwezera mafuta chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kubweza mafuta opangira firiji ku crankcase ya compressor;Kapangidwe kaŵirikaŵiri kolekanitsa mafuta kuli ndi mitundu iwiri: mtundu wa centrifugal ndi mtundu wa fyuluta.
7. Zolekanitsa zamadzimadzi
Alekanitse mpweya refrigerant ndi madzi refrigerant kuteteza kompresa ku nyundo madzi;sungani madzi a refrigerant mumayendedwe a firiji, ndikusintha madziwo malinga ndi kusintha kwa katundu.
8. Posungira
Pokhazikitsa accumulator, mphamvu yosungira madzi ya accumulator ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kulinganiza ndi kukhazikika kwa kayendedwe ka refrigerant mu dongosolo, kotero kuti chipangizo cha firiji chikugwira ntchito bwino.The accumulator nthawi zambiri amakhala pakati pa condenser ndi throttling element.Kuti refrigerant yamadzimadzi mu condenser ilowe mu accumulator bwino, malo a accumulator ayenera kukhala otsika kuposa condenser.
9. Chowumitsira
Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti mufiriji ikuyenda bwino, makina a firiji ayenera kukhala oyera komanso owuma.Chowumitsira fyuluta nthawi zambiri chimayikidwa patsogolo pa chinthu chogwedeza.Pamene refrigerant yamadzimadzi imadutsa choyamba chowumitsira fyuluta, imatha kuteteza kutsekeka kwa chinthu chogwedeza.
10. Galasi yowona
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kusonyeza mkhalidwe wa refrigerant mu payipi yamadzimadzi a chipangizo cha firiji ndi madzi omwe ali mufiriji.Nthawi zambiri, mitundu yosiyanasiyana imayikidwa pagalasi yowonera kuti iwonetse madzi omwe ali mufiriji mu dongosolo.
11. High and low voltage relay
Ngati kukhathamiritsa kwa kompresa kukhathamiritsa kwambiri, kumangolumikizana, kuyimitsa makinawo ndikuchotsa chomwe chimayambitsa kuthamanga kwambiri, kenako ndikukhazikitsanso pamanja kuti muyambitse kompresa (cholakwika + alamu);pamene kuthamanga kuyamwa kumatsikira ku malire apansi, kumangolumikizana.Imitsani kompresa, ndipo patsani mphamvu kompresa kachiwiri pamene kuyamwa kwamphamvu kumakwera mpaka kumtunda.
12. Kuthamanga kwamafuta osiyanasiyana
Kusintha kwamagetsi komwe kumagwiritsa ntchito kusiyana kwapakati pakati pa kuyamwa ndi kutulutsa pampu yamafuta opaka mafuta ngati chizindikiro chowongolera, pomwe kusiyana kwapakati kuli kochepa kuposa mtengo wokhazikitsidwa, kuyimitsa compressor kuti iteteze.
13. Relay kutentha
Gwiritsani ntchito kutentha ngati chizindikiro chowongolera kutentha kwa malo ozizira.Kuyambika ndi kuyimitsidwa kwa kompresa kumatha kuyendetsedwa mwachindunji ndikuwongolera kuyatsa ndi kutsika kwa valve yamadzimadzi ya solenoid;pamene makina amodzi ali ndi mabanki angapo, kutentha kwa banki iliyonse kungathe kulumikizidwa mofanana kuti athetse kuyambika ndi kuyimitsa kwa compressor.
14. Firiji
Refrigerants, omwe amadziwikanso kuti refrigerants ndi refrigerants, ndi zida zapa media zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mumainjini osiyanasiyana otentha kuti amalize kutembenuza mphamvu.Zinthuzi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito kusintha kwa magawo osinthika (monga kusintha kwa gasi-madzimadzi) kuti awonjezere mphamvu.
15. Mafuta a firiji
Ntchito yopangira firiji mafuta pamakina makamaka kudzoza, kusindikiza, kuziziritsa komanso kusefa.Mu ma compressor amitundu yambiri, mafuta opaka mafuta amatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuwongolera njira yotsitsa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-15-2021