Pali njira zambiri zoziziritsira, ndipo zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri:
1. Kuziziritsa kwamadzimadzi
2. Kukulitsa gasi ndi kuziziritsa
3. Chipinda choziziritsira cha Vortex
4. Kuziziritsa kwa Thermoelectric
Pakati pawo, kuzizira kwa madzi ndi komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Kumagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya kuyamwa kutentha kwa madzi kuti kufikire kuzizira. Kuponderezedwa kwa nthunzi, kuyamwa, kubayidwa kwa nthunzi ndi kuzizira kwa madzi ndi kuzizira kwa madzi.
Kuzizira kothira mpweya ndi gawo la kuzizira, komwe kumagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yoyamwa kutentha pamene firiji imasintha kuchoka pamadzi kupita ku mpweya kuti ipeze mphamvu yozizira. Ili ndi magawo anayi: compressor, condenser, throttling mechanism ndi evaporator. Amalumikizidwa ndi mapaipi kuti apange njira yotsekedwa.
Zigawo zazikulu zoziziritsira ndi zowonjezera
1. Chokometsera
Ma compressor amagawidwa m'magulu atatu: otseguka, otseguka pang'ono, ndi otsekedwa. Ntchito ya compressor ndikuyamwa firiji yotsika kutentha kuchokera kumbali ya evaporator, ndikuyikanikiza mu nthunzi ya refrigerant yothamanga kwambiri komanso yotentha kwambiri ndikuitumiza ku condenser.
2.Chokondensa
Kondensa ndi chipangizo chosinthira kutentha chomwe chimasamutsa mphamvu yoziziritsira ya evaporator mu makina oziziritsira pamodzi ndi ntchito yowonetsa kupsinjika kwa compressor kupita ku malo osungira zachilengedwe (madzi ozizira kapena mpweya). Malinga ndi njira yoziziritsira, kondensa ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: yoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya, yoziziritsidwa ndi madzi ndi yotulutsa nthunzi. Kondensa ndi chipangizo chosinthira kutentha chomwe chimasamutsa mphamvu yoziziritsira ya evaporator mu makina oziziritsira pamodzi ndi ntchito yowonetsa kupsinjika kwa compressor kupita ku malo osungira zachilengedwe (madzi ozizira kapena mpweya). Malinga ndi njira yoziziritsira, kondensa ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: yoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya, yoziziritsidwa ndi madzi ndi yotulutsa nthunzi.
3. Chotenthetsera madzi
Chotenthetsera madzi chimatanthauza kuti madzi oziziritsira amawira ndi kuyamwa kutentha kwa chinthu choziziritsira (mpweya kapena madzi) pa kutentha kochepa kuti akwaniritse cholinga choziziritsira.
4. Valavu ya Solenoid
Valavu ya Solenoid ndi mtundu wa valavu yotseka yomwe imatsegulidwa yokha motsogozedwa ndi magetsi. Nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pa payipi ya system kuti izimitse ndi kuzimitsa yokha actuator ya regulator ya malo awiri ya payipi ya system yoziziritsira. Valavu ya solenoid nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pakati pa valavu yowonjezera ndi condenser. Malo ake ayenera kukhala pafupi kwambiri ndi valavu yowonjezera, chifukwa valavu yowonjezera ndi chinthu chongotseka ndipo sichingatsekedwe chokha, choncho valavu ya solenoid iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kudula payipi yoperekera madzi.
5. Valavu yowonjezera kutentha
Zipangizo zoziziritsira nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito ma valve okulitsa kutentha kuti zisinthe kayendedwe ka refrigerant. Si valavu yowongolera yokha yomwe imayang'anira kuperekedwa kwa madzi kwa evaporator, komanso valavu yopumira ya chipangizo choziziritsira. Vavu yokulitsa kutentha imagwiritsa ntchito kusintha kwa kutentha kwa refrigerant pamalo otulukira a evaporator kuti isinthe kuperekedwa kwa madzi. Vavu yokulitsa kutentha imalumikizidwa ndi chitoliro cholowera madzi cha evaporator, ndipo babu yowunikira kutentha imayikidwa pa chitoliro chotulutsira evaporator. Nthawi zambiri imagawidwa m'mapangidwe osiyanasiyana malinga ndi kapangidwe ka valavu yokulitsa kutentha:
(1) Valavu yokulitsa kutentha yolinganizidwa mkati;
(2) Valavu yowonjezera kutentha yolinganizidwa ndi kunja.
Valavu yokulitsa kutentha yolinganizidwa mkati: Imapangidwa ndi babu lozindikira kutentha, chubu cha capillary, mpando wa valavu, diaphragm, ndodo yotulutsira, singano ya valavu ndi njira yosinthira. Valavu yokulitsa kutentha yolinganizidwa mkati nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu evaporators ang'onoang'ono.
Valavu yokulitsa kutentha yolinganizidwa ndi kunja: Valavu yokulitsa kutentha yolinganizidwa ndi kunja Kwa ma evaporator okhala ndi mapaipi ataliatali kapena olimbana kwambiri, mavavu okulitsa kutentha olinganizidwa ndi kunja nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pa evaporator ya kukula komweko, valavu yokulitsa yolinganizidwa ndi mkati ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ikagwiritsidwa ntchito posungira kutentha kwambiri, pomwe valavu yokulitsa yolinganizidwa ndi kunja ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ikagwiritsidwa ntchito posungira kutentha kochepa. Pa evaporator ya kukula komweko, valavu yokulitsa yolinganizidwa ndi mkati ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ikagwiritsidwa ntchito posungira kutentha kwambiri, pomwe valavu yokulitsa yolinganizidwa ndi kunja ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ikagwiritsidwa ntchito posungira kutentha kochepa.
6. Cholekanitsa mafuta
Cholekanitsa mafuta nthawi zambiri chimayikidwa pakati pa compressor ndi condenser kuti chilekanitse mafuta a makina oziziritsira omwe ali mu nthunzi ya refrigerant. Chipangizo chobwezera mafuta chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kubweza mafuta a makina oziziritsira ku crankcase ya compressor; kapangidwe kake ka mafuta oziziritsira mafuta kamakhala ndi mitundu iwiri: mtundu wa centrifugal ndi mtundu wa fyuluta.
7. Cholekanitsa mpweya ndi madzi
Siyanitsani firiji ya gasi ndi firiji yamadzimadzi kuti compressor isagwere mu nyundo yamadzimadzi; sungani madzi a firiji mufiriji, ndikusintha madziwo malinga ndi kusintha kwa katundu.
8. Malo osungira madzi
Mwa kukhazikitsa accumulator, mphamvu yosungira madzi ya accumulator ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kulinganiza ndikukhazikitsa kuyenda kwa refrigerant mu dongosolo, kuti chipangizo choziziritsira chizigwira ntchito bwino. Accumulator nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pakati pa condenser ndi chinthu chopopera. Kuti refrigerant yamadzimadzi mu condenser ilowe bwino mu accumulator, malo a accumulator ayenera kukhala otsika kuposa condenser.
9. Choumitsira
Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti refrigerant ikuyenda bwino, makina oziziritsira ayenera kukhala oyera komanso ouma. Choumitsira fyuluta nthawi zambiri chimayikidwa chisanalowetsedwe. Pamene refrigerant yamadzimadzi imadutsa mu fyuluta youmitsira, imatha kuteteza bwino kuti fyuluta isatseke.
10. Magalasi owonera
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kusonyeza momwe firiji ilili mu payipi yamadzimadzi ya chipangizo choziziritsira ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi mufiriji. Nthawi zambiri, mitundu yosiyanasiyana imalembedwa pa chikwama cha galasi lowonera kuti iwonetse kuchuluka kwa madzi mufirijiyo mu dongosololi.
11. Kutumiza kwamagetsi okwera komanso otsika
Ngati kuthamanga kwa compressor kuli kokwera kwambiri, kumazimitsa yokha, kuyimitsa compressor ndikuchotsa chomwe chimayambitsa kuthamanga kwambiri, kenako ndikuyiyikanso pamanja kuti muyambitse compressor (cholakwika + alamu); kuthamanga kwa suction kukatsika kufika pamlingo wotsika, kumazimitsa yokha. Imani compressor, ndikupatsanso mphamvu compressor pamene kuthamanga kwa suction kukakwera kufika pamlingo wapamwamba.
12. Kugawa kwa mafuta othamanga
Chosinthira chamagetsi chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito kusiyana kwa kuthamanga pakati pa kuyamwa ndi kutulutsa kwa pampu yamafuta opaka ngati chizindikiro chowongolera, pamene kusiyana kwa kuthamanga kuli kochepa kuposa mtengo wokhazikitsidwa, chimayimitsa compressor kuti iteteze.
13. Kutumiza kutentha
Gwiritsani ntchito kutentha ngati chizindikiro chowongolera kutentha kwa malo osungira ozizira. Kuyamba ndi kuyimitsa kwa compressor kumatha kulamulidwa mwachindunji powongolera kuyatsa ndi kutseka kwa valavu ya solenoid yamadzimadzi; makina amodzi akakhala ndi mabanki angapo, ma relay a kutentha a banki iliyonse amatha kulumikizidwa motsatizana kuti alamulire kuyatsa ndi kuyimitsa kwa compressor yokha.
14. Chosungiramo firiji
Mafiriji, omwe amadziwikanso kuti mafiriji ndi mafiriji, ndi zinthu zolumikizira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu injini zosiyanasiyana zotenthetsera kuti zisinthe mphamvu. Zinthuzi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito kusintha kwa gawo losinthika (monga kusintha kwa gawo la gasi ndi madzi) kuti ziwonjezere mphamvu.
15. Mafuta a mufiriji
Ntchito ya mafuta a makina oziziritsira mafuta makamaka ndi kudzola, kutseka, kuziziritsa ndi kusefa. Mu ma compressor a masilinda ambiri, mafuta odzola mafuta angagwiritsidwenso ntchito kuwongolera njira yotulutsira mafuta.
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-15-2021