Yankho la kapangidwe ka malo osungira ozizira

Malo osungiramo zinthu zozizira ndi makampani omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri m'makampani opanga zinthu zozizira komanso zosungira chakudya. Mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osungiramo zinthu zozizira zimafikira pafupifupi 30% ya malo onse osungiramo zinthu zozizira. Mphamvu yoziziritsira ya nyumba zina zosungiramo zinthu zozizira zozizira ndi yokwera kufika pafupifupi 50% ya katundu wonse wa zida zoziziritsira. Kuti muchepetse kutayika kwa mphamvu yoziziritsira ya malo osungiramo zinthu zozizira, chofunika kwambiri ndikukhazikitsa bwino gawo loteteza kutentha la malo osungiramo zinthu zozizira.

01. Kapangidwe koyenera ka chotenthetsera cha chipinda chosungiramo zinthu zozizira

Zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chotenthetsera ndi makulidwe ake ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimakhudza kutentha, ndipo kapangidwe ka polojekiti yotenthetsera ndiye chinsinsi chokhudza mtengo wa zomangamanga. Ngakhale kuti kapangidwe ka chotenthetsera choziziritsa kutentha kosungirako zinthu zozizira kuyenera kufufuzidwa ndikutsimikiziridwa kuchokera ku malingaliro aukadaulo ndi azachuma, machitidwe awonetsa kuti "ubwino" wa zinthu zotenthetsera kutentha uyenera kuperekedwa patsogolo, kenako "mtengo wotsika". Sitiyenera kungoyang'ana phindu lomwe limabwera chifukwa chosunga ndalama zoyambira, komanso kuganizira zosunga mphamvu kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.

M'zaka zaposachedwa, malo ambiri osungiramo zinthu zozizira omwe adapangidwa kale ndi kumangidwa amagwiritsa ntchito rigid polyurethane (PUR) ndi extruded polystyrene XPS ngati zigawo zotetezera kutentha [2]. Kuphatikiza ubwino wa PUR ndi XPS's thermal insulation performance yapamwamba komanso D yapamwamba ya thermal inertia index ya njerwa-konkriti, kapangidwe kake ka mtundu wa civil engineering single-sided color steel plate composite internal thermal insulation structure ndi njira yomangira yolimbikitsira insulation ya kapangidwe ka cold storage enclosure.

Njira yeniyeni ndi iyi: gwiritsani ntchito khoma lakunja lopangidwa ndi njerwa ndi konkriti, pangani gawo lotchinga nthunzi ndi chinyezi pambuyo poti matope a simenti alinganizidwa, kenako pangani gawo loteteza polyurethane mkati. Pakukonzanso kwakukulu malo osungiramo zinthu ozizira akale, iyi ndi njira yosungira mphamvu ya nyumba yomwe ndi yoyenera kukonzedwa bwino.

02. Kapangidwe ndi kapangidwe ka mapaipi a njira:

N'zosapeweka kuti mapaipi oziziritsa ndi mapaipi amphamvu a magetsi adutse pakhoma lakunja lotetezedwa. Malo ena owonjezera olowera ndi ofanana ndi kutsegula mpata wowonjezera pakhoma lakunja lotetezedwa, ndipo kukonza kumakhala kovuta, ntchito yomanga ndi yovuta, ndipo ikhoza kusiya zoopsa zobisika pa ubwino wa polojekitiyi. Chifukwa chake, mu kapangidwe ka mapaipi ndi dongosolo la mapangidwe, kuchuluka kwa mabowo odutsa pakhoma lakunja lotetezedwa kuyenera kuchepetsedwa momwe kungathekere, ndipo kapangidwe ka zotetezera pamalo olowera pakhoma kayenera kusamalidwa mosamala.

03. Kusunga mphamvu pakupanga ndi kuyang'anira zitseko zosungiramo zinthu zozizira:

Chitseko chosungiramo zinthu zozizira ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zothandizira zosungiramo zinthu zozizira ndipo ndi gawo la nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zozizira yomwe imakonda kutayikira mufiriji. Malinga ndi mfundo zoyenera, chitseko chosungiramo zinthu zozizira cha nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zozizira chotsika chimatsegulidwa kwa maola 4 pansi pa kutentha kwa 34 ℃ kunja kwa nyumba yosungiramo zinthu ndi -20 ℃ mkati mwa nyumba yosungiramo zinthu, ndipo mphamvu yoziziritsira imafika 1 088 kcal/h.

Malo osungiramo zinthu ozizira amakhala pamalo otentha pang'ono komanso chinyezi chambiri komanso kutentha ndi chinyezi chambiri chaka chonse. Kusiyana kwa kutentha pakati pa mkati ndi kunja kwa malo osungiramo zinthu otentha kwambiri nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 40 ndi 60 ℃. Chitseko chikatsegulidwa, mpweya wakunja kwa nyumba yosungiramo zinthu udzalowa m'nyumba yosungiramo zinthu chifukwa kutentha kwa mpweya kunja kwa nyumba yosungiramo zinthu kumakhala kwakukulu ndipo nthunzi ya madzi imakhala yokwera, pomwe kutentha kwa mpweya mkati mwa nyumba yosungiramo zinthu kumakhala kochepa ndipo nthunzi ya madzi imakhala yotsika.

Mpweya wotentha wokhala ndi kutentha kwambiri komanso chinyezi chambiri kunja kwa nyumba yosungiramo zinthu ukalowa m'nyumba yosungiramo zinthu kudzera pakhomo lozizira losungiramo zinthu, kutentha kwakukulu ndi kusinthana kwa chinyezi kudzawonjezera chisanu cha chitoliro choziziritsira mpweya kapena chitoliro chotulutsa utsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu ya utsi ichepe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutentha kusinthe m'nyumba yosungiramo zinthu ndikukhudza ubwino wa zinthu zosungidwa.

Njira zosungira mphamvu pa zitseko zosungiramo zinthu zozizira zimaphatikizapo:

① Malo a chitseko chosungiramo zinthu zozizira ayenera kuchepetsedwa panthawi yokonza, makamaka kutalika kwa chitseko chosungiramo zinthu zozizira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa, chifukwa kutayika kwa kuzizira komwe kuli kutali ndi chitseko chosungiramo zinthu zozizira kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa komwe kuli kutali ndi m'lifupi. Pofuna kuonetsetsa kutalika kwa katundu wobwera, sankhani chiŵerengero choyenera cha kutalika kwa chitseko chotsegulira ndi m'lifupi mwa chitseko chotsegulira, ndikuchepetsa malo otseguka a chitseko chosungiramo zinthu zozizira kuti mupeze mphamvu yabwino yosungira;

② Chitseko chosungiramo zinthu zozizira chikatsegulidwa, kutayika kwa kuzizira kumagwirizana ndi malo otseguka a chitseko. Pansi pa mfundo yoti katundu alowe ndi kutuluka, kuchuluka kwa zodziyimira pawokha kwa chitseko chosungiramo zinthu zozizira kuyenera kukwezedwa ndipo chitseko chosungiramo zinthu zozizira chiyenera kutsekedwa nthawi yake;

③ Ikani nsalu yotchinga mpweya wozizira, ndipo yambani ntchito yotchinga mpweya wozizira pamene chitseko chosungiramo zinthu zozizira chatsegulidwa pogwiritsa ntchito switch yoyendera;

④ Ikani nsalu yotchinga yosinthasintha ya PVC pachitseko chotsetsereka chachitsulo chokhala ndi mphamvu yabwino yotetezera kutentha. Njira yeniyeni ndi iyi: pamene kutalika kwa kutsegula chitseko kuli pansi pa 2.2 m ndipo anthu ndi ma trolley agwiritsidwa ntchito kudutsa, mungagwiritse ntchito nsalu zosinthasintha za PVC zokhala ndi m'lifupi mwa 200 mm ndi makulidwe a 3 mm. Ngati kuchuluka kwa zingwe pakati pa zingwe kuli kwakukulu, ndibwino, kotero kuti mipata pakati pa zingwezo ichepetsedwe; pa zitseko zokhala ndi kutalika koposa 3.5 m, m'lifupi mwa zingwezo mutha kukhala 300 ~ 400 mm.